Functions Reference
Search or browse the full list of supported functions. Click the copy button to copy the syntax.
| Function | Category | Syntax | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABS | Math and trigonometry | ABS(number) | Returns the absolute value of a number. |
| ACCRINT | Financial | ACCRINT(issue, first_interest, settlement, rate, par, frequency, [basis]) | Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest. |
| ACOS | Math and trigonometry | ACOS(number) | Returns the arccosine of a number. |
| ACOSH | Math and trigonometry | ACOSH(number) | Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number. |
| ACOT | Math and trigonometry | ACOT(number) | Returns the arccotangent of a number. |
| ACOTH | Math and trigonometry | ACOTH(number) | Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number. |
| AGGREGATE | Math and trigonometry | AGGREGATE(function_num, options, ref1, [ref2]) | Returns an aggregate in a list or database. |
| AND | Logical | AND(args) | Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE. |
| ARABIC | Math and trigonometry | ARABIC(text) | Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number. |
| ASIN | Math and trigonometry | ASIN(number) | Returns the arcsine of a number. |
| ASINH | Math and trigonometry | ASINH(number) | Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. |
| ATAN | Math and trigonometry | ATAN(number) | Returns the arctangent of a number. |
| ATAN2 | Math and trigonometry | ATAN2(x_num, y_num) | Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates. |
| ATANH | Math and trigonometry | ATANH(number) | Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
| AVEDEV | Statistical | AVEDEV(args) | Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean. |
| AVERAGE | Statistical | AVERAGE(args) | Returns the average of its arguments. |
| AVERAGEA | Statistical | AVERAGEA(args) | Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values. |
| AVERAGEIF | Statistical | AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, [average_range], args) | Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the values in a range that meet a given criteria. |
| AVERAGEIFS | Statistical | AVERAGEIFS(args) | Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all values that meet multiple criteria. |
| BASE | Math and trigonometry | BASE(number, radix, [min_length]) | Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base). |
| BESSELI | Engineering | BESSELI(x, n) | Returns the modified Bessel function In(x). |
| BESSELJ | Engineering | BESSELJ(x, n) | Returns the Bessel function Jn(x). |
| BESSELK | Engineering | BESSELK(x, n) | Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x). |
| BESSELY | Engineering | BESSELY(x, n) | Returns the Bessel function Yn(x). |
| BETADIST | Statistical | BETADIST(x, alpha, beta, cumulative, [a], [b], args) | Returns the beta cumulative distribution function. |
| BETAINV | Statistical | BETAINV(probability, alpha, beta, [a], [b]) | Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution. |
| BIN2DEC | Engineering | BIN2DEC(number) | Converts a binary number to decimal. |
| BIN2HEX | Engineering | BIN2HEX(number, [places]) | Converts a binary number to hexadecimal. |
| BIN2OCT | Engineering | BIN2OCT(number, [places]) | Converts a binary number to octal. |
| BINOMDIST | Statistical | BINOMDIST(number_s, trials, probability_s, cumulative) | Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability. |
| BITAND | Engineering | BITAND(number1, number2) | Returns a 'Bitwise And' of two numbers. |
| BITLSHIFT | Engineering | BITLSHIFT(number, shift_amount) | Returns a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits. |
| BITOR | Engineering | BITOR(number1, number2) | Returns a bitwise OR of 2 numbers. |
| BITRSHIFT | Engineering | BITRSHIFT(number, shift_amount) | Returns a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits. |
| BITXOR | Engineering | BITXOR(number1, number2) | Returns a bitwise 'Exclusive Or' of two numbers. |
| CEILING | Math and trigonometry | CEILING(number, significance) | Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. |
| CEILINGMATH | Math and trigonometry | CEILINGMATH(number, [significance], [mode]) | Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. |
| CEILINGPRECISE | Math and trigonometry | CEILINGPRECISE(number, [significance]) | Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. |
| CHAR | Text | CHAR(number) | Returns the character specified by the code number. |
| CHIDIST | Statistical | CHIDIST(x, deg_freedom, cumulative) | Returns the cumulative beta probability density function. |
| CHIDISTRT | Statistical | CHIDISTRT(x, deg_freedom) | Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
| CHIINV | Statistical | CHIINV(probability, deg_freedom) | Returns the cumulative beta probability density function. |
| CHIINVRT | Statistical | CHIINVRT(probability, deg_freedom) | Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
| CHITEST | Statistical | CHITEST(actual_range, expected_range, args) | Returns the cumulative beta probability density function. |
| CHOOSE | Lookup and reference | CHOOSE(args) | Chooses a value from a list of values. |
| CLEAN | Text | CLEAN(text) | Removes all nonprintable characters from text. |
| CODE | Text | CODE(text) | Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string. |
| COLUMN | Lookup and reference | COLUMN(reference, index, args) | Returns the column number of a reference. |
| COLUMNS | Lookup and reference | COLUMNS(array, args) | Returns the number of columns in a reference. |
| COMBIN | Math and trigonometry | COMBIN(number, number_chosen) | Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects. |
| COMBINA | Math and trigonometry | COMBINA(number, number_chosen) | Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items. |
| COMPLEX | Engineering | COMPLEX(real_num, i_num, [suffix]) | Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number. |
| CONCAT | Text | CONCAT(args) | Joins several text items into one text item. |
| CONCATENATE | Text | CONCATENATE(args) | Joins several text items into one text item. |
| CONVERT | Statistical | CONVERT(number, from_unit, to_unit) | Returns the confidence interval for a population mean. |
| CORREL | Statistical | CORREL(array1, array2) | Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets. |
| COS | Math and trigonometry | COS(number) | Returns the cosine of a number. |
| COSH | Math and trigonometry | COSH(number) | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number. |
| COT | Math and trigonometry | COT(number) | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number. |
| COTH | Math and trigonometry | COTH(number) | Returns the cotangent of an angle. |
| COUNT | Statistical | COUNT(args) | Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments. |
| COUNTA | Statistical | COUNTA(args) | Counts how many values are in the list of arguments. |
| COUNTBLANK | Statistical | COUNTBLANK(args) | Counts the number of blank values within a range. |
| COUNTIF | Statistical | COUNTIF(range, criteria) | Counts the number of values within a range that meet the given criteria. |
| COUNTIFS | Statistical | COUNTIFS(args) | Counts the number of values within a range that meet multiple criteria. |
| COUPDAYS | Financial | COUPDAYS(settlement, maturity, frequency, [basis]) | Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date. |
| COVAR | Statistical | COVAR(array1, array2) | Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations. |
| COVARIANCEP | Statistical | COVARIANCEP(array1, array2) | Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations. |
| COVARIANCES | Statistical | COVARIANCES(array1, array2) | Returns the sample covariance, the average of the products deviations for each data point pair in two data sets. |
| CRITBINOM | Statistical | CRITBINOM(trials, probability_s, alpha) | Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value. |
| CSC | Math and trigonometry | CSC(number) | Returns the cosecant of an angle. |
| CSCH | Math and trigonometry | CSCH(number) | Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle. |
| CUMIPMT | Financial | CUMIPMT(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) | Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods. |
| CUMPRINC | Financial | CUMPRINC(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end, type) | Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods. |
| DATE | Date and time | DATE(year, month, day) | Returns the serial number of a particular date. |
| DATEDIF | Date and time | DATEDIF(start_date, end_date, unit) | Calculates the number of days, months, or years between two dates. This function is useful in formulas where you need to calculate an age. |
| DATEVALUE | Date and time | DATEVALUE(date_text) | Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number. |
| DAVERAGE | Database | DAVERAGE(database, field, criteria) | Returns the average of selected database entries. |
| DAY | Date and time | DAY(serial_number) | Converts a serial number to a day of the month. |
| DAYS | Date and time | DAYS(end_date, start_date) | Returns the number of days between two dates. |
| DAYS360 | Date and time | DAYS360(start_date, end_date, [method]) | Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year. |
| DB | Financial | DB(cost, salvage, life, period, [month]) | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method. |
| DCOUNT | Database | DCOUNT(database, field, criteria) | Counts the values that contain numbers in a database. |
| DCOUNTA | Database | DCOUNTA(database, field, criteria) | Counts nonblank values in a database. |
| DDB | Financial | DDB(cost, salvage, life, period, [factor]) | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify. |
| DEC2BIN | Engineering | DEC2BIN(number, [places]) | Converts a decimal number to binary. |
| DEC2HEX | Engineering | DEC2HEX(number, [places]) | Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal. |
| DEC2OCT | Engineering | DEC2OCT(number, [places]) | Converts a decimal number to octal. |
| DECIMAL | Math and trigonometry | DECIMAL(text, radix, args) | Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number. |
| DEGREES | Math and trigonometry | DEGREES(angle) | Converts radians to degrees. |
| DELTA | Engineering | DELTA(number1, [number2]) | Tests whether two values are equal. |
| DEVSQ | Statistical | DEVSQ(args) | Returns the sum of squares of deviations. |
| DGET | Database | DGET(database, field, criteria) | Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria. |
| DISC | Financial | DISC(settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, [basis]) | Returns the discount rate for a security. |
| DMAX | Database | DMAX(database, field, criteria) | Returns the maximum value from selected database entries. |
| DMIN | Database | DMIN(database, field, criteria) | Returns the minimum value from selected database entries. |
| DOLLAR | Text | DOLLAR(number, [decimals]) | Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format. |
| DOLLARDE | Financial | DOLLARDE(fractional_dollar, fraction) | Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number. |
| DOLLARFR | Financial | DOLLARFR(decimal_dollar, fraction) | Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction. |
| DPRODUCT | Database | DPRODUCT(database, field, criteria) | Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database. |
| DSTDEV | Database | DSTDEV(database, field, criteria) | Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries. |
| DSTDEVP | Database | DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria) | Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries. |
| DSUM | Database | DSUM(database, field, criteria) | Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria. |
| DVAR | Database | DVAR(database, field, criteria) | Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries. |
| DVARP | Database | DVARP(database, field, criteria) | Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries. |
| EDATE | Date and time | EDATE(start_date, months) | Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date. |
| EFFECT | Financial | EFFECT(nominal_rate, npery) | Returns the effective annual interest rate. |
| EOMONTH | Date and time | EOMONTH(start_date, months) | Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months. |
| ERF | Engineering | ERF(lower_limit, [upper_limit]) | Returns the error function. |
| ERFC | Engineering | ERFC(x) | Returns the complementary error function. |
| EVEN | Math and trigonometry | EVEN(number) | Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer. |
| EXACT | Text | EXACT(text1, text2, args) | Checks to see if two text values are identical. |
| EXP | Math and trigonometry | EXP(number, args) | Returns e raised to the power of a given number. |
| EXPONDIST | Statistical | EXPONDIST(x, lambda, cumulative) | Returns the exponential distribution. |
| FACT | Statistical | FACT(number) | Returns the F probability distribution. |
| FACTDOUBLE | Math and trigonometry | FACTDOUBLE(number) | Returns the double factorial of a number. |
| FALSE | Logical | FALSE() | Returns the logical value FALSE. |
| FDIST | Statistical | FDIST(x, deg_freedom1, deg_freedom2, cumulative) | Returns the F probability distribution. |
| FDISTRT | Statistical | FDISTRT(x, deg_freedom1, deg_freedom2, args) | Returns the F probability distribution. |
| FIND | Text | FIND(find_text, within_text, [start_num], args) | Locate one text string within a second text string, and return the number of the starting position of the first text string from the first character of the second text string. |
| FINV | Statistical | FINV(probability, deg_freedom1, deg_freedom2) | Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. |
| FINVRT | Statistical | FINVRT(probability, deg_freedom1, deg_freedom2, args) | Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. |
| FISHER | Statistical | FISHER(x) | Returns the Fisher transformation. |
| FISHERINV | Statistical | FISHERINV(y) | Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation. |
| FIXED | Text | FIXED(number, [decimals], [no_commas]) | Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals. |
| FLOOR | Math and trigonometry | FLOOR(number, significance) | Rounds a number down, toward zero. |
| FLOORMATH | Math and trigonometry | FLOORMATH(number, [significance], [mode]) | Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. |
| FLOORPRECISE | Math and trigonometry | FLOORPRECISE(number, [significance]) | Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up. |
| FORECAST | Statistical | FORECAST(x, known_ys, known_xs) | Returns a value along a linear trend. |
| FREQUENCY | Statistical | FREQUENCY(data_array, bins_array) | Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array. |
| FTEST | Statistical | FTEST(array1, array2) | Returns the result of an F-test. |
| FV | Financial | FV(rate, nper, payment, value$1, [type]) | Returns the future value of an investment. |
| FVSCHEDULE | Financial | FVSCHEDULE(principal, schedule) | Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates. |
| GAMMA | Statistical | GAMMA(number) | Returns the Gamma function value. |
| GAMMADIST | Statistical | GAMMADIST(value$1, alpha, beta, cumulative, args) | Returns the gamma distribution. |
| GAMMAINV | Statistical | GAMMAINV(probability, alpha, beta, args) | Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution. |
| GAMMALN | Statistical | GAMMALN(x) | Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x). |
| GAMMALNPRECISE | Statistical | GAMMALNPRECISE(x, args) | Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x). |
| GAUSS | Statistical | GAUSS(z) | Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution. |
| GCD | Math and trigonometry | GCD(args) | Returns the greatest common divisor. |
| GEOMEAN | Statistical | GEOMEAN(args) | Returns the geometric mean. |
| GESTEP | Engineering | GESTEP(number, [step]) | Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value. |
| GROWTH | Statistical | GROWTH(known_y, [known_x], [new_x], [use_const]) | Returns values along an exponential trend. |
| HARMEAN | Statistical | HARMEAN(args) | Returns the harmonic mean. |
| HEX2BIN | Engineering | HEX2BIN(number, [places]) | Converts a hexadecimal number to binary. |
| HEX2DEC | Engineering | HEX2DEC(number) | Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal. |
| HEX2OCT | Engineering | HEX2OCT(number, [places]) | Converts a hexadecimal number to octal. |
| HLOOKUP | Lookup and reference | HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup]) | Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated value. |
| HOUR | Date and time | HOUR(serial_number) | Converts a serial number to an hour. |
| HYPGEOMDIST | Statistical | HYPGEOMDIST(sample_s, number_sample, population_s, number_pop, cumulative) | Returns the hypergeometric distribution. |
| IF | Logical | IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false, args) | Specifies a logical test to perform. |
| IFERROR | Logical | IFERROR(value, value_if_error) | Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula. |
| IFNA | Logical | IFNA(value, value_if_na) | Returns the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression. |
| IFS | Logical | IFS(args) | Checks whether one or more conditions are met and returns a value that corresponds to the first TRUE condition. |
| IMABS | Engineering | IMABS(inumber) | Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number. |
| IMAGINARY | Engineering | IMAGINARY(inumber) | Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number. |
| IMARGUMENT | Engineering | IMARGUMENT(inumber) | Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians. |
| IMCONJUGATE | Engineering | IMCONJUGATE(inumber) | Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number. |
| IMCOS | Engineering | IMCOS(inumber) | Returns the cosine of a complex number. |
| IMCOSH | Engineering | IMCOSH(inumber) | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number. |
| IMCOT | Engineering | IMCOT(inumber) | Returns the cotangent of a complex number. |
| IMCSC | Engineering | IMCSC(inumber) | Returns the cosecant of a complex number. |
| IMCSCH | Engineering | IMCSCH(inumber) | Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number. |
| IMDIV | Engineering | IMDIV(inumber1, inumber2) | Returns the quotient of two complex numbers. |
| IMEXP | Engineering | IMEXP(inumber) | Returns the exponential of a complex number. |
| IMLN | Engineering | IMLN(inumber) | Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number. |
| IMLOG10 | Engineering | IMLOG10(inumber) | Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number. |
| IMLOG2 | Engineering | IMLOG2(inumber) | Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number. |
| IMPOWER | Engineering | IMPOWER(inumber, number) | Returns a complex number raised to an integer power. |
| IMPRODUCT | Engineering | IMPRODUCT(args) | Returns the product of complex numbers. |
| IMREAL | Engineering | IMREAL(inumber) | Returns the real coefficient of a complex number. |
| IMSEC | Engineering | IMSEC(inumber) | Returns the secant of a complex number. |
| IMSECH | Engineering | IMSECH(inumber) | Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number. |
| IMSIN | Engineering | IMSIN(inumber) | Returns the sine of a complex number. |
| IMSINH | Engineering | IMSINH(inumber) | Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number. |
| IMSQRT | Engineering | IMSQRT(inumber) | Returns the square root of a complex number. |
| IMSUB | Engineering | IMSUB(inumber1, inumber2) | Returns the difference between two complex numbers. |
| IMSUM | Engineering | IMSUM(args) | Returns the sum of complex numbers. |
| IMTAN | Engineering | IMTAN(inumber) | Returns the tangent of a complex number. |
| INDEX | Lookup and reference | INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num]) | Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array. |
| INT | Math and trigonometry | INT(number) | Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. |
| INTERCEPT | Statistical | INTERCEPT(known_y, known_x) | Returns the intercept of the linear regression line. |
| IPMT | Financial | IPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [type]) | Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period. |
| IRR | Financial | IRR(values, [guess]) | Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows. |
| ISBLANK | Information | ISBLANK(value) | Returns TRUE if the value is blank. |
| ISERR | Information | ISERR(value$1) | Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A. |
| ISERROR | Information | ISERROR(value) | Returns TRUE if the value is any error value. |
| ISEVEN | Information | ISEVEN(number) | Returns TRUE if the number is even. |
| ISLOGICAL | Information | ISLOGICAL(value) | Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value. |
| ISNA | Information | ISNA(value) | Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value. |
| ISNONTEXT | Information | ISNONTEXT(value) | Returns TRUE if the value is not text. |
| ISNUMBER | Information | ISNUMBER(value) | Returns TRUE if the value is a number. |
| ISODD | Information | ISODD(value) | Returns TRUE if the number is odd. |
| ISOWEEKNUM | Date and time | ISOWEEKNUM(date) | Returns the number of the ISO week number of the year for a given date. |
| ISPMT | Financial | ISPMT(rate, per, nper, pv) | Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment. |
| ISTEXT | Information | ISTEXT(value) | Returns TRUE if the value is text. |
| KURT | Statistical | KURT(args) | Returns the kurtosis of a data set. |
| LARGE | Statistical | LARGE(array, k) | Returns the k-th largest value in a data set. |
| LCM | Math and trigonometry | LCM(args) | Returns the least common multiple. |
| LEFT | Text | LEFT(text, [num_chars]) | Returns the leftmost characters from a text value. |
| LEN | Text | LEN(text, args) | Returns the number of characters in a text string |
| LINEST | Statistical | LINEST(known_y, [known_x]) | Returns the parameters of a linear trend. |
| LN | Math and trigonometry | LN(number) | Returns the natural logarithm of a number. |
| LOG | Math and trigonometry | LOG(number, [base]) | Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base. |
| LOG10 | Math and trigonometry | LOG10(number) | Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number. |
| LOGEST | Statistical | LOGEST(known_y, [known_x]) | Returns the parameters of an exponential trend. |
| LOGINV | Statistical | LOGINV(probability, mean, standard_dev) | Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution. |
| LOGNORMDIST | Statistical | LOGNORMDIST(x, mean, standard_dev, cumulative) | Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution. |
| LOGNORMINV | Statistical | LOGNORMINV(probability, mean, standard_dev) | Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution. |
| LOOKUP | Lookup and reference | LOOKUP(lookup_value, array, [result_array]) | Looks up values in a vector or array. |
| LOWER | Text | LOWER(text, args) | Converts text to lowercase. |
| MATCH | Lookup and reference | MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type], args) | Looks up values in a reference or array. |
| MAX | Statistical | MAX(args) | Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments. |
| MAXA | Statistical | MAXA(args) | Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values. |
| MAXIFS | Statistical | MAXIFS(args) | Returns the maximum of all values in a range that meet multiple criteria. |
| MEDIAN | Statistical | MEDIAN(args) | Returns the median of the given numbers. |
| MID | Text | MID(text, start_num, num_chars) | Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify |
| MIN | Statistical | MIN(args) | Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments. |
| MINA | Statistical | MINA(args) | Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values. |
| MINIFS | Statistical | MINIFS(args) | Returns the minimum of all values in a range that meet multiple criteria. |
| MINUTE | Date and time | MINUTE(serial_number) | Converts a serial number to a minute. |
| MIRR | Financial | MIRR(values, finance_rate, reinvest_rate) | Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates. |
| MMULT | Math and trigonometry | MMULT(array1, array2) | Returns the matrix product of two arrays. The result is an array with the same number of rows as array1 and the same number of columns as array2. |
| MOD | Math and trigonometry | MOD(number, divisor) | Returns the remainder from division. |
| MODEMULT | Statistical | MODEMULT(args) | Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive values in an array or range of data. |
| MODESNGL | Statistical | MODESNGL(args) | Returns the most common value in a data set. |
| MONTH | Date and time | MONTH(serial_number) | Converts a serial number to a month. |
| MROUND | Math and trigonometry | MROUND(number, multiple) | Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple. |
| MULTINOMIAL | Math and trigonometry | MULTINOMIAL(args) | Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers. |
| MUNIT | Math and trigonometry | MUNIT(dimension, args) | Returns the unit matrix for the specified dimension. |
| N | Information | N(value) | Returns a value converted to a number. |
| NA | Information | NA() | Returns the error value #N/A. |
| NEGBINOMDIST | Statistical | NEGBINOMDIST(number_f, number_s, probability_s, cumulative) | Returns the negative binomial distribution. |
| NETWORKDAYS | Date and time | NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date, [holidays]) | Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates. |
| NETWORKDAYSINTL | Date and time | NETWORKDAYSINTL(start_date, end_date, [weekend], [holidays]) | Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days. |
| NOMINAL | Financial | NOMINAL(effect_rate, npery) | Returns the annual nominal interest rate. |
| NORMDIST | Statistical | NORMDIST(x, mean, standard_dev, cumulative) | Returns the normal cumulative distribution. |
| NORMINV | Statistical | NORMINV(probability, mean, standard_dev) | Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution. |
| NORMSDIST | Statistical | NORMSDIST(z, cumulative) | Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution. |
| NORMSINV | Statistical | NORMSINV(probability) | Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution. |
| NOT | Logical | NOT(logical) | Reverses the logic of its argument. |
| NOW | Date and time | NOW() | Returns the serial number of the current date and time. |
| NPER | Financial | NPER(rate, pmt, pv, [fv], [type]) | Returns the number of periods for an investment. |
| NPV | Financial | NPV(args) | Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate. |
| NUMBERVALUE | Text | NUMBERVALUE(text, [decimal_separator], [group_separator]) | Converts text to number in a locale-independent manner. |
| OCT2BIN | Engineering | OCT2BIN(number, [places]) | Converts an octal number to binary. |
| OCT2DEC | Engineering | OCT2DEC(number) | Converts an octal number to decimal. |
| OCT2HEX | Engineering | OCT2HEX(number, [places]) | Converts an octal number to hexadecimal. |
| ODD | Math and trigonometry | ODD(number) | Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer. |
| OR | Logical | OR(args) | Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE. |
| PDURATION | Financial | PDURATION(rate, pv, fv) | Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value. |
| PEARSON | Statistical | PEARSON(array1, array2) | Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. |
| PERCENTILEEXC | Statistical | PERCENTILEEXC(array, k) | Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0..1, exclusive. |
| PERCENTILEINC | Statistical | PERCENTILEINC(array, k) | Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range. |
| PERCENTRANKEXC | Statistical | PERCENTRANKEXC(array, x, [significance]) | Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0..1, exclusive) of the data set. |
| PERCENTRANKINC | Statistical | PERCENTRANKINC(array, x, [significance]) | Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set. |
| PERMUT | Statistical | PERMUT(number, number_chosen) | Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects. |
| PERMUTATIONA | Statistical | PERMUTATIONA(number, number_chosen) | Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects. |
| PHI | Statistical | PHI(x) | Returns the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution. |
| PI | Math and trigonometry | PI() | Returns the value of pi. |
| PMT | Financial | PMT(rate, nper, pv, [fv], [type]) | Returns the periodic payment for an annuity. |
| POISSONDIST | Statistical | POISSONDIST(x, mean, cumulative) | Returns the Poisson distribution. |
| POWER | Math and trigonometry | POWER(number, power) | Returns the result of a number raised to a power. |
| PPMT | Financial | PPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [type]) | Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period. |
| PRICEDISC | Financial | PRICEDISC(settlement, maturity, discount, redemption, [basis]) | Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security. |
| PROB | Statistical | PROB(x_range, prob_range, [lower_limit], [upper_limit]) | Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits. |
| PRODUCT | Math and trigonometry | PRODUCT(args) | Multiplies its arguments. |
| PROPER | Text | PROPER(text) | Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value. |
| PV | Financial | PV(rate, per, pmt, [fv], [type]) | Returns the present value of an investment. |
| QUARTILEEXC | Statistical | QUARTILEEXC(range, quart) | Returns the quartile of the data set, based on percentile values from 0..1, exclusive. |
| QUARTILEINC | Statistical | QUARTILEINC(range, quart) | Returns the quartile of a data set. |
| QUOTIENT | Math and trigonometry | QUOTIENT(numerator, denominator) | Returns the integer portion of a division. |
| RADIANS | Math and trigonometry | RADIANS(angle) | Converts degrees to radians. |
| RAND | Math and trigonometry | RAND() | Returns a random number between 0 and 1. |
| RANDBETWEEN | Math and trigonometry | RANDBETWEEN(bottom, top) | Returns a random number between the numbers you specify. |
| RANKAVG | Statistical | RANKAVG(number, ref, [order]) | Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers. |
| RANKEQ | Statistical | RANKEQ(number, ref, [order]) | Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers. |
| RATE | Financial | RATE(nper, pmt, pv, [fv], [type], [guess]) | Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity. |
| REPLACE | Text | REPLACE(old_text, num_chars, length, new_text) | Replaces characters within text |
| REPT | Text | REPT(text, number_times) | Repeats text a given number of times. |
| RIGHT | Text | RIGHT(text, [num_chars]) | Returns the rightmost characters from a text value |
| ROMAN | Math and trigonometry | ROMAN(number) | Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text. |
| ROUND | Math and trigonometry | ROUND(number, num_digits) | Rounds a number to a specified number of digits. |
| ROUNDDOWN | Math and trigonometry | ROUNDDOWN(number, num_digits) | Rounds a number down, toward zero. |
| ROUNDUP | Math and trigonometry | ROUNDUP(number, num_digits) | Rounds a number up, away from zero. |
| ROW | Lookup and reference | ROW(reference, index, args) | Returns the row number of a reference. |
| ROWS | Lookup and reference | ROWS(array, args) | Returns the number of rows in a reference. |
| RRI | Financial | RRI(nper, pv, fv) | Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment. |
| RSQ | Statistical | RSQ(known_y, known_x) | Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. |
| SEARCH | Text | SEARCH(find_text, within_text, [start_num]) | Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive) |
| SEC | Math and trigonometry | SEC(number) | Returns the secant of an angle. |
| SECH | Math and trigonometry | SECH(number) | Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle. |
| SECOND | Date and time | SECOND(serial_number) | Converts a serial number to a second. |
| SERIESSUM | Math and trigonometry | SERIESSUM(x, n, m, coefficients) | Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula. |
| SIGN | Math and trigonometry | SIGN(number) | Returns the sign of a number. |
| SIN | Math and trigonometry | SIN(number) | Returns the sine of the given angle. |
| SINH | Math and trigonometry | SINH(number) | Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number. |
| SKEW | Statistical | SKEW(args) | Returns the skewness of a distribution. |
| SKEWP | Statistical | SKEWP(args) | Returns the skewness of a distribution based on a population. |
| SLN | Financial | SLN(cost, salvage, life) | Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period. |
| SLOPE | Statistical | SLOPE(known_y, known_x) | Returns the slope of the linear regression line. |
| SMALL | Statistical | SMALL(array, k) | Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set. |
| SORT | Lookup and reference | SORT(array, [sort_index], [sort_order], [by_col]) | Returns a sorted array of the elements in an array. The returned array is the same shape as the provided array argument. |
| SQRT | Math and trigonometry | SQRT(number) | Returns a positive square root. |
| SQRTPI | Math and trigonometry | SQRTPI(number) | Returns the square root of (number * pi). |
| STANDARDIZE | Statistical | STANDARDIZE(x, mean, standard_dev) | Returns a normalized value. |
| STDEVA | Statistical | STDEVA(args) | Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population. |
| STDEVP | Statistical | STDEVP(args) | Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population. |
| STDEVPA | Statistical | STDEVPA(args) | Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values. |
| STDEVS | Statistical | STDEVS(args) | Estimates standard deviation based on a sample. |
| STEYX | Statistical | STEYX(known_y, known_x) | Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression. |
| SUBSTITUTE | Text | SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text, [instance_num], args) | Substitutes new text for old text in a text string. |
| SUBTOTAL | Math and trigonometry | SUBTOTAL(function_num, ref1) | Returns a subtotal in a list or database. |
| SUM | Math and trigonometry | SUM(args) | Adds its arguments. |
| SUMIF | Math and trigonometry | SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range]) | Adds the values specified by a given criteria. |
| SUMIFS | Math and trigonometry | SUMIFS(args) | Adds the values in a range that meet multiple criteria. |
| SUMPRODUCT | Math and trigonometry | SUMPRODUCT(args) | Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components. |
| SUMSQ | Math and trigonometry | SUMSQ(args) | Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments. |
| SUMX2MY2 | Math and trigonometry | SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y) | Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays. |
| SUMX2PY2 | Math and trigonometry | SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y) | Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays. |
| SUMXMY2 | Math and trigonometry | SUMXMY2(array_x, array_y) | Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays. |
| SWITCH | Logical | SWITCH(args) | Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the result corresponding to the first matching value. If there is no match, an optional default value may be returned. |
| SYD | Financial | SYD(cost, salvage, life, per) | Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period. |
| T | Text | T(value) | Converts its arguments to text. |
| TAN | Statistical | TAN(number) | Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution. |
| TANH | Math and trigonometry | TANH(number) | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number. |
| TBILLEQ | Financial | TBILLEQ(settlement, maturity, discount) | Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill. |
| TBILLPRICE | Financial | TBILLPRICE(settlement, maturity, discount) | Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill. |
| TBILLYIELD | Financial | TBILLYIELD(settlement, maturity, pr) | Returns the yield for a Treasury bill. |
| TDIST | Statistical | TDIST(x, deg_freedom, cumulative) | Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution. |
| TDISTRT | Statistical | TDISTRT(x, deg_freedom, args) | Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution |
| TEXT | Text | TEXT(value$1, format_text) | Formats a number and converts it to text. |
| TEXTJOIN | Text | TEXTJOIN(delimiter, ignore_empty, args) | Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings. |
| TIME | Date and time | TIME(hour, minute, second) | Returns the serial number of a particular time. |
| TIMEVALUE | Date and time | TIMEVALUE(time_text) | Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number. |
| TINV | Statistical | TINV(probability, deg_freedom) | Returns the t-value of the Student's t-distribution as a function of the probability and the degrees of freedom. |
| TODAY | Statistical | TODAY() | Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution |
| TRANSPOSE | Lookup and reference | TRANSPOSE(array) | Returns the transpose of an array. |
| TREND | Statistical | TREND(known_ys, known_xs, [new_xs]) | Returns values along a linear trend. |
| TRIM | Text | TRIM(text) | Removes spaces from text. |
| TRIMMEAN | Statistical | TRIMMEAN(range, percent) | Returns the mean of the interior of a data set. |
| TRUE | Logical | TRUE() | Returns the logical value TRUE. |
| TRUNC | Math and trigonometry | TRUNC(number, [num_digits]) | Truncates a number to an integer. |
| TTEST | Statistical | TTEST(array1, array2) | Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test. |
| TYPE | Information | TYPE(value) | Returns a number indicating the data type of a value. |
| UNICHAR | Text | UNICHAR(number) | Returns the character specified by the code number. |
| UNICODE | Text | UNICODE(text) | Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string. |
| UNIQUE | Lookup and reference | UNIQUE(args) | Returns a list of unique values in a list or range. |
| UPPER | Text | UPPER(text) | Converts text to uppercase. |
| VALUE | Text | VALUE(text) | Converts a text argument to a number. |
| VARA | Statistical | VARA(args) | Calculates variance based on the entire population. |
| VARP | Statistical | VARP(args) | Calculates variance based on the entire population. |
| VARPA | Statistical | VARPA(args) | Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values. |
| VARS | Statistical | VARS(args) | Estimates variance based on a sample. |
| VLOOKUP | Lookup and reference | VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup]) | Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a value. |
| WEEKDAY | Date and time | WEEKDAY(serial_number, [return_type]) | Converts a serial number to a day of the week. |
| WEEKNUM | Date and time | WEEKNUM(serial_number, [return_type]) | Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year. |
| WEIBULLDIST | Statistical | WEIBULLDIST(x, alpha, beta, cumulative) | Returns the Weibull distribution. |
| WORKDAY | Date and time | WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays]) | Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays. |
| WORKDAYINTL | Date and time | WORKDAYINTL(start_date, days, [weekend], [holidays]) | Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days. |
| XIRR | Financial | XIRR(values, dates, [guess]) | Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic. |
| XNPV | Financial | XNPV(rate, values, dates) | Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic. |
| XOR | Logical | XOR(args) | Returns a logical exclusive OR of all arguments. |
| YEAR | Date and time | YEAR(serial_number) | Converts a serial number to a year. |
| YEARFRAC | Date and time | YEARFRAC(start_date, end_date, [basis]) | Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date. |
| ZTEST | Statistical | ZTEST(array, x, [sigma]) | Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test. |
Docs derived from the in-app function registry.